While agriculture, forestry, other land use, and fisheries (AFOLU) finance tracks all climate funding flows in those sectors, this indicator tracks finance specifically dedicated to nature-based solutions (NbS) – actions that restore, preserve, or manage ecosystems, including through more sustainable forest management, to address climate change and protect nature. NbS are one aspect of finance for biodiversity and can be used for mitigation, adaptation, and benefits for climate and nature. NbS such as protecting coral reefs and mangrove restoration can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, boost ecosystem health, and address environmental issues like soil erosion, biodiversity loss, and deforestation.  
Finance directed toward NbS has increased over the past few years, reaching over USD 153 billion in 2022, with public finance contributing 83% of this total. However, this level of investment is not enough to reach global climate goals. Estimates suggest that total investments into NbS need to triple by 2030 and increase fourfold by 2050. This would equate to USD 354 billion by 2030 and USD 536 billion by 2050 in order to reach climate and biodiversity goals; an average growth rate of USD 20 billion per year between 2019 and 2030. Moreover, these figures likely underestimate total finance needs since more work is needed to quantify the need for marine-based NbS. 

While agriculture, forestry, other land use, and fisheries (AFOLU) finance tracks all climate funding flows in those sectors, this indicator tracks finance specifically dedicated to nature-based solutions (NbS) – actions that restore, preserve, or manage ecosystems, including through more sustainable forest management, to address climate change and protect nature. NbS are one aspect of finance for biodiversity and can be used for mitigation, adaptation, and benefits for climate and nature. NbS such as protecting coral reefs and mangrove restoration can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, boost ecosystem health, and address environmental issues like soil erosion, biodiversity loss, and deforestation.  
Finance directed toward NbS has increased over the past few years, reaching over USD 153 billion in 2022, with public finance contributing 83% of this total. However, this level of investment is not enough to reach global climate goals. Estimates suggest that total investments into NbS need to triple by 2030 and increase fourfold by 2050. This would equate to USD 354 billion by 2030 and USD 536 billion by 2050 in order to reach climate and biodiversity goals; an average growth rate of USD 20 billion per year between 2019 and 2030. Moreover, these figures likely underestimate total finance needs since more work is needed to quantify the need for marine-based NbS.